Here we present a seven-million-year-long record of wind-driven circulation of the tropical Indian Ocean, as recorded in Mozambique Channel Throughflow (MCT) flow-speed variations. However, continuous long-term records to determine the timing and mechanisms of Pacific-influenced climate transitions in the Indian Ocean have been unavailable. A growing body of evidence indicates that this circulation shaped hydroclimatic conditions in the Indian Ocean region also on much longer, glacial–interglacial timescales 3, 4, 5, following the development of Pacific Walker circulation around 2.2–2.0 million years ago (Ma) 6, 7. Today, the eastern African hydroclimate is tightly linked to fluctuations in the zonal atmospheric Walker circulation 1, 2.
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